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| | | Development Strategies in Fisheries |
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|  The Peruvian anchoveta, Eastern Pacific yellowfin tuna, Pacific Southern bluefin tuna, North Sea plaice, Canadian cod, Gulf of Mexico menhaden, Alaska pollock, Atlanto-Scandian herring, New Zealand orange roughy; Antarctic minke whale, Mauritanian black hake are among the more well-known stocks. It can however be assumed that the largest majority of the world stocks have hardly been mentioned in available literature. More than 1500 stocks and their population dynamic parameters are identified in FAO's POPDYN databasebut more comprehensive and detailed fact sheets are available in the Fisheries Global Information System (FIGIS).In most countries national economic and social policies influence the formulation of policies for fisheries and aquaculture. Public strategies adopted for development are thus guided by policy objectives which may range from food security to higher incomes or may focus on employment, conservation, the rational use of environmental resources, or on an increase in foreign exchange earnings. | | |  Historically, public strategies for fisheries management relied on centralised, public-funded, fisheries administrations to be implemented. These administrations would assume a range of different functions, including the formulation and enforcement of regulations, undertaking scientific research on which to base decisions on levels of harvesting, and allocating and administering regulations that were formulated. But, fishery administrations in many poor, developing countries often still do not have the means to effectively manage their fisheries. Thus, the need for innovative strategies, involving a greater participation by stakeholders, is increasingly being recognised. | | | | Direct payments by the fisheries sector for management services in a few developed countries has led to closer scrutiny of the services offered by fisheries authorities, with a view to reducing them to those that are considered to properly be within the public domain, such as MCS and quality control. The fisheries administrations of many of the poorest developing countries are not able to execute effectively the tasks they were established to undertake because they do not have the means to do so. The development and maintenance of skill levels of personnel in fisheries administrations through training is an essential element in achieving sustainable fisheries development. | | | | |
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