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| | | Transportation and Telecommunication |
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|  The wheel, the sail, the steam engine, and the electric motor are among the technological breakthroughs in transportation that allowed man and his materials to be moved from place to place and from one continent to another. Until the invention of the telegraph, even distant communications were dependent on transportation. From earliest times, trade, conquests, armed conflicts and search for new lands and resources had been the impetus in the development of maritime transport and the establishment of transportation routes. | | | | The maritime industry underwent significant major changes in ship construction, cargo handling, port operation and management and navigational safety as a result of rapid technological progress in the 20th century, especially after the Second World War. The expansive growth of the shipping industry beginning in the late 18th century saw the need to regulate the shipping industry not only in the registry and construction but also on safety at sea. | | | | Maritime telecommunication evolved from the development of the telegraph. With the invention of the telegraph in the late 18th century, distance communication had become a reality. The growth and expansion of the telegraph networks resulted in the first International Telegraph Convention in 1865 and the establishment of the International Telegraph Union. With the advancement in communication systems (e.g., wireless telegraphy, telephone and radio) since that time and in 1934, the Union decided to change its name and now known as the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).
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 | | | | | News Websites  NOAA Spill Tools A set of three free programs designed for oil spill planners and responders...
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